This research examines the development of the Indonesian novel from the early 20th century to the publication period by Balai Pustaka as an important milestone in the history of modern Indonesian literature. The main focus of the study is to trace changes in themes, writing styles, and the social function of novels within the colonial context and the early formation of national identity.
Through a historical approach and literary analysis, this study discusses how early works reflected social dynamics such as modernization, education, conflicts between tradition and the West, and the emergence of national consciousness. The role of Balai Pustaka is also analyzed as an institution that not only facilitated the production of literary works but also controlled the content and direction of literary development through its publishing policies during the colonial period.
The research findings are expected to demonstrate that this period was a crucial phase in shaping the Indonesian novel tradition, where literature served as both a medium for social expression and an ideological tool within the context of colonial power.
This study is closely aligned with SDG 4 (Quality Education) and SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions):
- SDG 4 (Quality Education): By analyzing social dynamics such as modernization and access to education during the colonial era, this study enriches historical and cultural literacy content that is crucial for building inclusive education and respecting national identity.
- SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions): On the other hand, the critical examination of Balai Pustaka’s role as an instrument of colonial control provides a deep understanding of the importance of freedom of expression, information justice, and the role of institutions in shaping public narrative—aligning with efforts to strengthen transparent and just institutions to support a peaceful and democratic society.
Researcher: Dr. Drs. Ari Jogaiswara Adipurwawidjana, MA.